A sodium ラーメンベット 出金 時間 developed by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin significantly reduces fire risks from the technology, while also relying on inexpensive, abundant materials to serve as its building blocks.
Though ラーメンベット 出金 時間 fires are rare, increased ラーメンベット 出金 時間 usage means these incidents are on the rise.
The secret ingredient to this sodium ラーメンベット 出金 時間 breakthrough, published recently in Nature Energy, is a solid diluent. The researchers used a salt-based solid diluent in the electrolyte, facilitating the charge-discharge cycle. A specific type of salt — sodium nitrate — allowed the researchers to deploy just a single, nonflammable solvent in the electrolyte, stabilizing the ラーメンベット 出金 時間 as a whole.
Over time, the multiple liquid solvents in an electrolyte — the component that transfers charge-carrying ions between the ラーメンベット 出金 時間's two electrodes — react with other components in ways that degrade batteries and lead to safety risks. Sodium, an alternative to lithium that is one of the key ingredients in this ラーメンベット 出金 時間, is highly reactive, posing a significant challenge to the adoption of these types of batteries. These reactions can lead to the growth of needle-like filaments called dendrites that can cause the ラーメンベット 出金 時間 to electrically short and even catch fire or explode.
“Batteries catch fire because the liquid solvents in the electrolyte don't get along with other parts of the ラーメンベット 出金 時間,” said Arumugam Manthiram, a professor in the ラーメンベット 禁止ゲーム of Engineering's Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering and the lead researcher on the project. "We have reduced that risk from the equation to create a safer, more stable ラーメンベット 出金 時間.”
In addition to the safety improvement, this new, sodium-based ラーメンベット 出金 時間 represents a less expensive alternative to the lithium-ion batteries that power smartphones, laptops, electric cars and more.
The ラーメンベット 出金 時間 also boasts strong performance. How long a ラーメンベット 出金 時間 lasts on a single charge tends to decline over time. The new sodium ラーメンベット 出金 時間 retained 80% of its capacity over 500 cycles, matching the standard of lithium-ion ラーメンベット 出金 時間 in smartphones.
“Here we show a sodium ラーメンベット 出金 時間 that is safe and inexpensive to produce, without losing out on performance,” Manthiram said. “It is critical to develop alternatives to lithium-ion batteries that are not just on par with them, but better.”
Though the researchers applied this technique to a sodium ラーメンベット 出金 時間, they said it could also translate to lithium-ion-based cells, albeit with different materials.
Lithium mining is expensive and has been criticized for itsenvironmental impacts, including heavy groundwater use, soil and water pollution and carbon emissions. By comparison, ラーメンベット 出金 時間 is available in the ocean, is cheaper and is more environmentally friendly.
Lithium-ion ラーメンベット 出金 時間 typically also use cobalt, which is expensive and mined mostly in Africa’s Democratic Republic of the Congo, where ithas significant impacts on human health and the environment. In 2020, Manthiramdemonstrated a novel, cobalt-free lithium-ion ラーメンベット 出金 時間.
This ラーメンベット 出金 時間 is also free of cobalt, as well as lithium. The other components are made of 40% iron, 30% manganese and 30% nickel.
Other authors on the paper are Jiarui He, Amruth Bhargav, Laisuo Su, Julia Lamb and Woochul Shin — all from the ラーメンベット 禁止ゲーム's Materials Science and ラーメンベット 出金 時間 program and Texas Materials Institute — and John Okasinski of Argonne National Laboratory.
