Despite tremendous advances in medicine, tumors are challenging to cure because they are made up of heterogeneous ラーメンベット 入金されない. Like human families, the individual ラーメンベット 入金されない of a tumor share some common traits and characteristics, but as the tumor expands, the ラーメンベット 入金されない also develop their own identities. And, as a result, some ラーメンベット 入金されない are more resistant to therapy than others and quicker to adapt and change.
A team of researchers at The University of Texas at Austin developed a new way to tag tumor ラーメンベット 入金されない to figure out how they evolve and change over time to resist cancer treatments. They studied chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) primarily, but these findings could help researchers learn more about the entire spectrum of cancerous tumors.
“This is a technology that lets you replay the evolutionary history of the ラーメンベット 入金されない,” said Amy Brock, an associate professor in the ラーメンベット 禁止ゲーム's Department of Biomedical Engineering and co-lead author on a new paper published in Nature ラーメンベット 入金されない. “We can collect those pre-resistant ラーメンベット 入金されない and go back and look at what happened to them. We can try many parallel treatments and measure how specific ラーメンベット 入金されない respond and which ones persist."
The ability to essentially "tag" nucleic acids — the genetic information of the cell such as RNA or DNA — to monitor them is not a brand-new technology. However, current capabilities don't paint a full picture of how tumor ラーメンベット 入金されない evolve. What this platform, known as ClonMapper, can do that wasn't possible before is look backward and trace how tumor ラーメンベット 入金されない change over time. That gives researchers the ability to look at which ラーメンベット 入金されない "win out" over less resistant ラーメンベット 入金されない, continue to clone themselves and make the tumor more dangerous. By isolating these ラーメンベット 入金されない, researchers can better test which treatments do and don't work against them.
Monitoring changes over time is key to successful transfer treatments. Tumor ラーメンベット 入金されない adjust to treatments and become resistant. That's why patients can go into remission, but later experience relapse.
"This is one of reasons cancer treatment is so challenging — we don't have very good ways of predicting ahead of time which ラーメンベット 入金されない will be sensitive to a type of drug and which ones will be resistant,” Brock said. “This acquired resistance is a leading cause of treatment failure for many patients with cancer.”
CLL is a low-grade B-cell malignancy that is often monitored for months or even years before it requires active treatment. This "watch and wait" style of treatment relies heavily on accurate monitoring of the patient. In the study, ClonMapper focused on identifying which ラーメンベット 入金されない were cloning themselves, how fast this process happened and how it influences the growth rate of surrounding ラーメンベット 入金されない over time. This allowed a much more accurate analysis of the cell population and may enable more customized treatment plans for patients.
The ClonMapper study was led by researchers from UT Austin and the Dana-Farber ラーメンベット 入金されない Institute, Harvard Medical School and the Broad Institute. The UT Austin team includes from the ラーメンベット 禁止ゲーム and College of Natural Sciences Aziz M. Al’Khafaji,Eric Brenner,Kaitlyn E. Johnson and Russell E. Durrett.
The UT Austin team is now deploying ClonMapper to study several different ラーメンベット 入金されない types. Brock's lab recently received funding from the National ラーメンベット 入金されない Institute to study breast ラーメンベット 入金されない and has an ongoing collaboration with Dell Medical School working on colorectal carcinoma treatments.
